surplus

/ˈsɜːr.pləs/

意味: 余剰

例文: The farm had a surplus of apples.
　　  農場にはリンゴの余剰があった。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: budget surplus(予算余剰), trade surplus(貿易黒字), surplus goods(余剰品)

定義: 余剰（よじょう）とは、必要以上に余ったものや、使い切れずに残ったものを指します。たとえば、予算や商品が必要以上にある場合に使われます。経済やビジネスの文脈でよく使われ、特に貿易や財政の話題で重要な概念です。

surplusは約100,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

Definitions(定義)

Noun: a quantity much larger than is needed
Adjective: more than is needed, desired, or required

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Noun, Adjective

Examples(例文)

Adjective: trying to lose excess weight
Adjective: found some extra change lying on the dresser
Adjective: yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant
Adjective: skills made redundant by technological advance
Adjective: sleeping in the spare room
Adjective: supernumerary ornamentation
Adjective: it was supererogatory of her to gloat
Adjective: delete superfluous (or unnecessary) words
Adjective: extra ribs as well as other supernumerary internal parts
Adjective: surplus cheese distributed to the needy

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): excess, extra, nimiety, redundant, spare, supererogatory, superfluous, supernumerary, surplus, surplusage

Antonyms(反意語):

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): overabundance

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): bellyful, excess, glut

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語):

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: redundance, redundancy, superfluity, supernumerary

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: general

Usage Category: literary

Usage Context: descriptive

Grammatical Notes:

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞):

Suffixes(接尾辞): s

Exam Level

英検準1級

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書):

Movies(映画): Finding Nemo

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) Yes

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) No

Emotion Categories: