rough

/rʌf/

意味: 荒地、未加工

例文: The horse ran across the rough.
　　  馬は荒地を駆け抜けた。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: rough surface(粗い表面), rough estimate(大まかな見積もり), rough draft(下書き)

定義: ざらざらした、または滑らかでない状態を指します。物の表面が滑らかでないときや、計画やアイデアがまだ完成していないときに使います。また、天候や海が荒れているとき、または人の態度が厳しいときにも使われます。

roughは約30,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

口語性、形式性、抽象度、感情度 - 横向き棒グラフ

水平グラフ: 会話での使われやすさ、フォーマル度、抽象度（具体・概念）、感情度を示します。数値が高いほど、その特徴が強いことを表します。

感情分析 レーダーチャート

感情グラフ: 怒り、期待、嫌悪、恐れ、喜び、悲しみ、驚き、信頼、ポジティブ、ネガティブの強さを示します。

Definitions(定義)

Noun: the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the grass is not cut short
Verb: prepare in preliminary or sketchy form
Adjective: having or caused by an irregular surface
Adjective: (of persons or behavior) lacking refinement or finesse
Adjective: not quite exact or correct
Adjective: full of hardship or trials
Adjective: violently agitated and turbulent; ; – Ezra Pound
Adjective: unpleasantly harsh or grating in sound
Adjective: ready and able to resort to force or violence; – Herman Melville
Adjective: of the margin of a leaf shape; having the edge cut or fringed or scalloped
Adjective: causing or characterized by jolts and irregular movements
Adjective: not shaped by cutting or trimming
Adjective: not carefully or expertly made
Adjective: not perfected
Adjective: unpleasantly stern
Adjective: unkind or cruel or uncivil
Adverb: with roughness or violence (`rough’ is an informal variant for `roughly’)
Adverb: with rough motion as over a rough surface

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb

Examples(例文)

感情分析に使用された例文：

The road was rough after the heavy rain.(大雨の後、道はでこぼこだった。)
She has a rough idea of the plan.(彼女は計画の大まかなイメージを持っている。)
His hands felt rough from hard work.(彼の手は重労働でざらざらしていた。)

 

Word Netから抽出した例文：

Adjective: trees with rough bark
Adjective: rough ground
Adjective: rough skin
Adjective: rough blankets
Adjective: his unsmooth face
Adjective: she was a diamond in the rough
Adjective: rough manners
Adjective: the approximate time was 10 o’clock
Adjective: a rough guess
Adjective: a ballpark estimate
Adjective: the rocky road to success
Adjective: they were having a rough time
Adjective: boisterous winds and waves
Adjective: the fierce thunders roar me their music
Adjective: rough weather
Adjective: rough seas
Adjective: a gravelly voice
Adjective: pugnacious spirits…lamented that there was so little prospect of an exhilarating disturbance
Adjective: they were rough and determined fighting men
Adjective: a rough ride
Adjective: an uncut diamond
Adjective: rough gemstones
Adjective: managed to make a crude splint
Adjective: a crude cabin of logs with bark still on them
Adjective: rough carpentry
Adjective: a rough draft
Adjective: a few rough sketches
Adjective: wild and harsh country full of hot sand and cactus
Adjective: the nomad life is rough and hazardous
Adjective: had harsh words
Adjective: a harsh and unlovable old tyrant
Adjective: a rough answer
Adverb: he was pushed roughly aside
Adverb: they treated him rough
Adverb: ride rough

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): approximate, approximative, boisterous, bumpy, crude, fierce, grating, gravelly, harsh, jolting, jolty, jumpy, pugnacious, rasping, raspy, rocky, rough, rough in, rough out, roughly, scratchy, uncut, unsmooth

Antonyms(反意語): cut, smooth

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): prepare, site

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): apron, bomb site, camp, campsite, cemetery, dig, dump, fairway, green, launching site, monument, premises, rough, rough in, tee, toxic site

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語):

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: approximate, boisterousness, bump, crudeness, fierceness, harshness, jolt, jump, pugnacity, rasp, rock, roughness, scratch

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: general

Usage Category: common

Usage Context: descriptive

Grammatical Notes:

comparative-er

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞):

Suffixes(接尾辞):

Exam Level

大学受験レベル

英検準2級

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書): Holes

Movies(映画): Frozen

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) No

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) No

Emotion Categories: