reference

/ˈrɛfərəns/

意味: 参照、参考文献

例文: Aki used a dictionary for reference.
　　  アキは参照のため辞書を使った。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: reference book(参考書), reference point(基準点), reference number(参照番号)

定義: 何かを説明したり、証拠を示したりするために使う情報や資料のことです。また、他の人に推薦するための手紙やコメントを指すこともあります。

referenceは約20,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

口語性、形式性、抽象度、感情度 - 横向き棒グラフ

水平グラフ: 会話での使われやすさ、フォーマル度、抽象度（具体・概念）、感情度を示します。数値が高いほど、その特徴が強いことを表します。

感情分析 レーダーチャート

感情グラフ: 怒り、期待、嫌悪、恐れ、喜び、悲しみ、驚き、信頼、ポジティブ、ネガティブの強さを示します。

Definitions(定義)

Noun: a remark that calls attention to something or someone
Noun: a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage
Noun: an indicator that orients you generally
Noun: a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts
Noun: a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person’s qualifications and dependability
Noun: the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to
Noun: the act of referring or consulting
Noun: a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to
Noun: (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored
Noun: the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to
Verb: refer to

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Noun, Verb

Examples(例文)

感情分析に使用された例文：

Please include a reference for your sources.(情報源の参考文献を含めてください。)
She made a reference to the old book.(彼女はその古い本に言及しました。)
The report lacks proper reference details.(報告書には適切な参照情報がありません。)

 

Word Netから抽出した例文：

Noun: she made frequent mention of her promotion
Noun: there was no mention of it
Noun: the speaker made several references to his wife
Noun: the student’s essay failed to list several important citations
Noun: the acknowledgments are usually printed at the front of a book
Noun: the article includes mention of similar clinical cases
Noun: it is used as a reference for comparing the heating and the electrical energy involved
Noun: he contributed articles to the basic reference work on that topic
Noun: requests for character references are all too often answered evasively
Noun: the extension of `satellite of Mars’ is the set containing only Demos and Phobos
Noun: reference to an encyclopedia produced the answer
Noun: he carried an armful of references back to his desk
Noun: he spent hours looking for the source of that quotation
Noun: he argued that reference is a consequence of conditioned reflexes
Verb: he referenced his colleagues’ work

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): acknowledgment, address, book of facts, character, character reference, citation, cite, computer address, consultation, credit, denotation, extension, mention, point of reference, quotation, reference, reference book, reference point, reference work, source

Antonyms(反意語):

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): action, book, code, indicator, meaning, note, publication, recommendation, remark, write

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): accomplishment, ad-lib, address, aggression, alienation, american standard code for information interchange, annotate, application, appointment book, arrival, author, authority, beatification, bestiary, binary code, book, booklet, bruxism, catalog, catechism, change, character, choice, citation, collection, connotation, conversation stopper, copybook, course, courtesy, curiosa, dash off, destabilization, draft, dramatize, draw, economy, emphasizing, employment, error correction code, fetch, firmware, footnote, formulary, gambit, impression, instruction, interaction, jumpstart, kindness, lyric, machine code, magazine, mention, new edition, nota bene, obiter dictum, object code, observation, operation code, paragraph, performance, periodical, phrase book, pickings, platitude, play, playbook, playing, politeness, pop-up book, poste restante, postscript, prayer book, profile, prohibition, puff, read, reference, reference book, reference point, reissue, republication, res gestae, resistance, reverence, review copy, rewrite, rib, script, semantics, shot, significance, software, songbook, storybook, stupefaction, tenor, textbook, thing, tip sheet, tome, trade book, transfusion, transgression, undertone, vampirism, verse, volume, wisecrack, workbook, write copy, write off, write on, write out, yearbook, zinger

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語): allusion, annual, argument, atlas, benchmark, buoy, cookbook, cross-reference, directory, encyclopedia, handbook, instruction book, landmark, lubber’s line, name-dropping, photo credit, retrospection, source book, target, url, white line, wordbook

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: acknowledge, address, characterise, citation, cite, consult, credit, denote, extensional, mention, refer, reference, referent, referential, source

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: technology

Usage Category: formal

Usage Context: descriptive

Grammatical Notes:
transitive verb
countable noun

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞): re

Suffixes(接尾辞):

Exam Level

高校レベル

英検2級

TOEIC700

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書):

Movies(映画):

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) Yes

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) No

Emotion Categories: