spoil

/spɔɪl/

意味: 台無しにすること

例文: Rain was the picnic’s spoil.
　　  雨がピクニックを台無しにした。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: spoil a child(子供を甘やかす), spoil the fun(楽しみを台無しにする), spoil the surprise(驚きを台無しにする)

定義: 何かを台無しにしたり、悪くしたりすること。例えば、食べ物が腐ったり、計画がうまくいかなくなったりすること。また、誰かを甘やかして、わがままにすることも意味します。

spoilは約200,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

口語性、形式性、抽象度、感情度 - 横向き棒グラフ

水平グラフ: 会話での使われやすさ、フォーマル度、抽象度（具体・概念）、感情度を示します。数値が高いほど、その特徴が強いことを表します。

感情分析 レーダーチャート

感情グラフ: 怒り、期待、嫌悪、恐れ、喜び、悲しみ、驚き、信頼、ポジティブ、ネガティブの強さを示します。

Definitions(定義)

Noun: (usually plural) valuables taken by violence (especially in war)
Noun: the act of spoiling something by causing damage to it
Noun: the act of stripping and taking by force
Verb: make a mess of, destroy or ruin
Verb: become unfit for consumption or use
Verb: alter from the original
Verb: treat with excessive indulgence
Verb: hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of
Verb: have a strong desire or urge to do something
Verb: destroy and strip of its possession
Verb: make imperfect

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Noun, Verb

Examples(例文)

感情分析に使用された例文：

Fruits spoil quickly in warm weather.(果物は暖かい天気で早く傷む。)
Don’t spoil the surprise for her.(彼女のサプライズを台無しにしないで。)
Too much rain can spoil the picnic.(雨が多すぎるとピクニックが台無しになる。)

 

Word Netから抽出した例文：

Noun: to the victor belong the spoils of the enemy
Noun: her spoiling my dress was deliberate
Verb: I botched the dinner and we had to eat out
Verb: the pianist screwed up the difficult passage in the second movement
Verb: the meat must be eaten before it spoils
Verb: grandparents often pamper the children
Verb: Let’s not mollycoddle our students!
Verb: What ultimately frustrated every challenger was Ruth’s amazing September surge
Verb: foil your opponent
Verb: She is itching to start the project
Verb: He is spoiling for a fight
Verb: The soldiers raped the beautiful country
Verb: nothing marred her beauty

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): baby, baffle, ball up, bilk, blow, bobble, bodge, bollix, bollix up, bollocks, bollocks up, botch, botch up, bumble, bungle, cocker, coddle, corrupt, cosset, cross, deflower, despoil, despoilation, despoilment, despoliation, featherbed, flub, fluff, foil, foul up, frustrate, fuck up, fumble, go bad, impair, indulge, itch, louse up, mar, mess up, mishandle, mollycoddle, muck up, muff, pamper, plunder, queer, rape, scotch, screw up, spoil, spoilage, spoilation, spoiling, spoliation, thwart, violate, vitiate

Antonyms(反意語):

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): damage, decay, desire, destroy, fail, injury, modify, plundering, prevent, stolen property, treat

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): afflict, ambition, attemper, banditry, bang up, bilge, botch, break, bruise, brutalize, buffer, burn, bust up, consume, corrode, corrupt, crave, cream, criminalize, cushion, debar, decompose, deliquesce, depredation, devour, disservice, disturb, do a job on, do well by, envy, erode, explode, fall, fall through, fancy, feel like, flaw, frost, get, gloss over, handle with kid gloves, hanker, harry, hope, hurt, ignore, impair, inflect, itch, kick in, lay waste to, like, loot, looting, lust after, mar, miss, mistreat, mock, mutilate, nurse, obstruct, optimize, overreach, pamper, putrefy, qualify, rape, ravaging, ride roughshod, rough-house, sack, save, seek, shatter, shipwreck, soup up, specialize, spoil, stop, strike out, strong-arm, subvert, syncopate, take it on the chin, temper, thwart, total, update, upstage, vandalize, wash out, whittle away, wish, wrong

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語): addle, curdle, dash, deface, defile, disappoint, load, ruin, short-circuit

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: baby, ballup, botch, botcher, bumbler, bungle, bungler, coddler, cross, defloration, despoil, despoilment, despoliation, flub, fluff, foiling, foul-up, frustration, frustrative, fuckup, fumbler, impairer, impairment, indulgence, indulging, itch, mar, mess-up, mollycoddle, mollycoddler, pamperer, pampering, plundering, rape, screwup, spoil, spoilage, spoilation, spoiler, spoiling, spoliation, thwarter, thwarting

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: general

Usage Category: common

Usage Context: conversation, descriptive

Grammatical Notes:
intransitive verb, transitive verb

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞):

Suffixes(接尾辞):

Exam Level

高校レベル

英検2級

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書): Diary of a Wimpy Kid 1, Holes

Movies(映画):

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) Yes

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) Yes

Emotion Categories: disgust, negative