decline

/dɪˈklaɪn/

意味: 減少／断る

例文: Momo declined seconds—then stole Lena’s plate.
　　  モモはおかわりを断り、レナの皿を盗んだ。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: decline in (減少する), decline to (断る), decline from (減少する)

定義: 何かが減少することや、何かを断ることを意味します。たとえば、数や量が少なくなることや、招待や提案を断るときに使います。

declineは約40,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

口語性、形式性、抽象度、感情度

水平グラフ: 会話での使われやすさ、フォーマル度、抽象度（具体・概念）、感情度を示します。数値が高いほど、その特徴が強いことを表します。

感情分析

レーダーチャート: 怒り、期待、嫌悪、恐れ、喜び、悲しみ、驚き、信頼、ポジティブ、ネガティブの強さを示します。

　年代別単語頻度グラフ

このグラフは、1900年からの単語出現頻度の推移を示しています。値は ×10⁻⁸ スケールで表示されています。

　

Definitions(定義)

Noun: change toward something smaller or lower
Noun: a condition inferior to an earlier condition; a gradual falling off from a better state
Noun: a gradual decrease; as of stored charge or current
Noun: a downward slope or bend
Verb: grow worse
Verb: refuse to accept
Verb: show unwillingness towards
Verb: grow smaller
Verb: go down
Verb: go down in value
Verb: inflect for number, gender, case, etc.,

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Noun, Verb

Examples(例文)

感情分析に使用された例文：

Sales declined last quarter.（先四半期は売上が減少した）
I must politely decline the invitation.（丁重に招待をお断りします）
His health has declined over time.（彼の健康は時とともに衰えた）

 

Word Netから抽出した例文：

Verb: Conditions in the slum worsened
Verb: He refused my offer of hospitality
Verb: he declined to join the group on a hike
Verb: Interest in the project waned
Verb: The roof declines here
Verb: the stock market corrected
Verb: prices slumped
Verb: in many languages, speakers decline nouns, pronouns, and adjectives

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): correct, decay, declension, declination, decline, declivity, descent, diminution, downslope, fall, go down, pass up, refuse, reject, slump, turn down, wane, worsen

Antonyms(反意語): accept, ascent, better, improvement

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): change state, condition, decrease, descend, drop, inflect, react, slope

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): abate, absolution, accept, acidify, alight, alkalize, anchorage, answer, ascent, astigmatism, atmosphere, atonicity, automation, avalanche, bank, be born, become, better, boil, boil down, break, bristle, brutalization, burn, calcify, calm, canyonside, carbonize, carnify, cascade, catalyze, celibacy, chondrify, circumstance, citrate, climate, close, clot, cloud over, coast, coke, come to, comfort, compare, conceive, concentrate, condemnation, conjugate, cool, crash, cross-fertilize, curdle, curvature, danger, de-escalate, decay, decelerate, decline, decrescendo, deflate, deification, denitrify, depreciate, descent, desensitization, despair, die, difficulty, discomfort, disengage, dishabille, disorderliness, dissolve, dive, diversification, diversity, dominance, dress, drip, drop, drop off, dryness, dwindle, ease up, economic condition, emaciate, emancipate, emptiness, empty, emulsify, encapsulation, ennoblement, environmental condition, equilibrate, erupt, escarpment, esterify, etherify, exoneration, explode, eye condition, facilitation, fall, fill, financial condition, flip, flop, fluctuate, flump, freeze, frenchify, frizz, fruition, fullness, gain, get into, get worse, greet, guilt, hairlessness, health, heat, hillside, homelessness, homogenize, hopefulness, hospitalization, hyalinization, identification, immunity, impaction, impropriety, improvement, impurity, iniquity, innocence, integrate, ionization, ionize, irradiation, lactosuria, laxness, leakiness, light, liquefy, lubrication, malady, mechanization, mode, motivation, mountainside, mummification, mutism, nakedness, narrowing, need, niche, noise conditions, nomination, normality, notice, open, orderliness, ossify, overgrow, overreact, participation, physical condition, piedmont, pitch, place, plop, plummet, plunge, pluralize, polarization, pounce, precipitate, prepossession, preservation, prognathism, prolapse, protuberance, psychological state, purity, rappel, react, reduce, refuse, regularization, reinstatement, relax, remit, repair, resist, respond, rustication, rustiness, safety, sanitary condition, saturation, scandalization, secularize, serration, set, shorten, shrink, shrivel, silence, sink, situation, ski conditions, ski slope, slippage, solvate, sorb, soundness, sour, standardization, stigmatism, stool, submission, subservience, susceptibility, taper, tense, tension, thicken, thin, thin out, thrive, thrombose, tilth, treat, tumble, unhorse, unsoundness, unsusceptibility, urbanization, vacuolization, vanish, virginity, wake up, wane, wastage, way, weaken, wetness, wonder, worsen, zonk out

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語): bounce, contract out, deprive, deterioration, detumescence, devolve, dip, dishonor, disobey, downhill, drop, ebb, erosion, exponential decay, fail, inflame, loss, neglect, nosedive, regress, regret, reject, repudiate, sicken, sinking spell, slip, slippage, steep, suffer, tumble, turn down, twilight, wear on, wreck

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: decay, declension, declination, decline, declivitous, diminish, fall, refusal, rejection, turndown, wane, waning, worsening

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: general

Usage Category: common

Usage Context: descriptive

Grammatical Notes:
intransitive verb, transitive verb

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞): de

Suffixes(接尾辞):

Exam Level

大学受験レベル

英検準2級

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書): Atomic Habits

Movies(映画): The Bad Guys

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) Yes

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) Yes

Emotion Categories: negative