temper

/ˈtɛmpər/

意味: 気質、機嫌

例文: Momo has a fiery temper.
　　  モモは怒りっぽい性格だ。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: lose temper(かっとなる), control temper(気を静める), bad temper(短気)

定義: 気分や感情の状態を指します。特に怒りやイライラの感情を表すことが多いです。人が怒りやすい性格を持っている場合、「短気」と言います。

temperは約200,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

口語性、形式性、抽象度、感情度

水平グラフ: 会話での使われやすさ、フォーマル度、抽象度（具体・概念）、感情度を示します。数値が高いほど、その特徴が強いことを表します。

感情分析

レーダーチャート: 怒り、期待、嫌悪、恐れ、喜び、悲しみ、驚き、信頼、ポジティブ、ネガティブの強さを示します。

　年代別単語頻度グラフ

このグラフは、1900年からの単語出現頻度の推移を示しています。値は ×10⁻⁸ スケールで表示されています。

　

Definitions(定義)

Noun: a sudden outburst of anger
Noun: a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling
Noun: a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger
Noun: the elasticity and hardness of a metal object; its ability to absorb considerable energy before cracking
Verb: bring to a desired consistency, texture, or hardness by a process of gradually heating and cooling
Verb: harden by reheating and cooling in oil
Verb: adjust the pitch (of pianos)
Verb: make more temperate, acceptable, or suitable by adding something else; moderate
Verb: restrain

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Noun, Verb

Examples(例文)

感情分析に使用された例文：

He tried to control his temper during the argument.(彼は議論中に感情を抑えようとした。)
Her temper flared when she heard the bad news.(彼女は悪い知らせを聞いて怒りが爆発した。)
A calm temper helps in stressful situations.(冷静な気性はストレスの多い状況で役立つ。)

 

Word Netから抽出した例文：

Noun: his temper sparked like damp firewood
Noun: whether he praised or cursed me depended on his temper at the time
Noun: he was in a bad humor
Noun: his temper was well known to all his employees
Verb: temper glass
Verb: temper steel
Verb: she tempered her criticism

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): anneal, biliousness, chasten, harden, humor, humour, irritability, irritation, moderate, mollify, mood, normalize, peevishness, pettishness, pique, season, snappishness, surliness, temper, toughness

Antonyms(反意語):

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): adjust, annoyance, change, elasticity, feeling, harden, ill nature, modify, weaken

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): accelerate, acerbate, acetylate, achromatize, activate, adjust, affect, affection, age, aggravation, agitation, alchemize, alcoholize, align, alkalinize, allegorize, alter, ambivalence, americanize, angulate, animize, anneal, antiquate, antique, apathy, archaize, arterialize, ash, asperity, assimilate, astonishment, attemper, attune, automatize, awaken, barb, barbarize, bestialize, better, blind, blister, blunt, blur, boil, bounce, break, break down, brighten, bring, brutalize, bubble, buffer, calcify, calibrate, callus, calmness, camp, capture, cause to sleep, centralize, change intensity, change taste, charge, chasten, check, circularize, citify, civilize, clarify, classicize, clean, clear, clot, cloud, coarsen, cohere, color, commercialize, communize, commute, complex, complicate, condense, confuse, constitutionalize, contaminate, conventionalize, convert, cook, cool, corrupt, counterchange, crabbiness, crack, crankiness, cream, cripple, cry, cushion, customize, damage, dampen, darken, de-emphasize, de-energize, deaden, deaminate, decarboxylate, decelerate, decentralize, decimalize, decorate, decrease, decrepitate, deflate, deform, dehydrogenate, demagnetize, demist, democratize, demonize, demulsify, demythologize, denationalize, denaturalize, denature, deodorize, depersonalize, depolarize, depress, depressurize, desensitize, desire, despair, destabilize, detransitivize, devalue, devastation, develop, devilize, devitalize, digitize, dilute, dinge, dirty, disable, discolor, disharmonize, disintegrate, dislike, disorder, displeasure, disqualify, dissimilate, dissolve, diversify, dizzy, domesticate, dope, draw, dry, dull, dynamize, ease up, edit, elasticity of shear, emasculate, embrittle, emotion, empty, emulsify, enable, end, enervate, enfeeble, enthusiasm, equal, eroticize, estrange, etherealize, etiolate, europeanize, evaporate, even, excite, expectation, extend, exteriorize, face-harden, faintness, fatten, fearlessness, feminize, fertilize, fill, fix, flatten, flocculate, focus, freeze, frenchify, frustration, full, gelatinize, give, glamorize, glorify, glow, gratitude, gravity, habituate, happiness, harassment, harmonize, harshen, heat, hope, hue, humanize, humble, humility, hydrogenate, immaterialize, immortalize, impatience, inactivate, incandesce, increase, indispose, industrialize, inflate, inflect, inform, ingratitude, inseminate, insulate, intensify, internationalize, introvert, invalidate, invert, iodinate, ionate, islamize, isomerize, justify, laicize, legitimate, lend, levity, liberalize, lifehack, lift, liking, linearize, liquefy, loosen, louden, lower, lubricate, magnetize, make, mark, masculinize, match, mechanize, militarize, mince, mix, modulate, morph, muddy, mythologize, nationalize, naturalize, nazify, neutralize, nick, normalize, obfuscate, obscure, occidentalize, officialize, opacify, opalize, opsonize, optimize, orientalize, ossify, outmode, oxidize, oxygenize, paganize, pain, pall, pang, parallel, passion, patent, personalize, piggyback, pique, plasticize, pleasure, plumb, poison, polarize, politicize, port, pressurize, pride, professionalize, proof, proportion, prostrate, purify, put, qualify, radicalize, rarefy, rationalize, readjust, recombine, recommend, reconstruct, refine, reflate, reform, refresh, regulate, relax, remodel, resilience, restore, revolutionize, right, ripen, romanticize, round off, rusticate, sadness, sanitize, saponify, saturate, sauce, schematize, scramble, sensitivity, sensitize, sentiment, sentimentalize, set, sex, sexualize, shade, shake, shallow, shame, shape, sharpen, shift, shorten, shrewishness, simplify, slenderize, smut, sober, socialize, soften, solemnize, solvate, soul, soup up, specialize, spice, spike, sputter, stabilize, stain, steepen, stiffen, still, straighten, strengthen, stretch, string, substitute, suburbanize, sulkiness, supercharge, supple, suspend, sweeten, switch, symmetrize, sympathy, synchronize, syncopate, tame, temper, tender, tense, territorialize, thicken, thing, think, tighten, time, tone down, touch, transaminate, transfigure, transform, transitivize, translate, transmute, transpose, trim, tune, turn, turn back, uglify, unbrace, unclutter, unconcern, uniformize, unite, unsanctify, unscramble, unsex, untie, untune, update, urbanize, validate, variegate, vascularize, ventilate, verbify, vesiculate, visualize, vitalize, vitrify, vivify, volatilize, vulgarise, warm, wash out, weaken, weaponize, wet, widen, worsen, zero

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語): good humor, ill humor, peeve, querulousness, sulk

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: humor, humour, irritable, irritate, moderator, mollification, moody, pettish, pique, snappish, surly, temper, temperance, tempering

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: psychology

Usage Category: common

Usage Context: descriptive, emotional

Grammatical Notes:
intransitive verb, transitive verb
countable noun

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞):

Suffixes(接尾辞): er

Exam Level

高校レベル

英検2級

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書): Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland

Movies(映画):

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) Yes

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) No

Emotion Categories: