surrounding

/səˈraʊndɪŋ/

意味: 囲んでいる

例文: The crowd is surrounding Haruki.
　　  群衆がハルキを囲んでいる。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: surrounding area(周辺地域), surrounding environment(周囲の環境), surrounding buildings(周囲の建物)

定義: 周囲のものや環境を指します。何かを取り囲んでいる状態や、その周りにあるものを表現する時に使います。

surroundingは約30,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

Definitions(定義)

Verb: extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle
Verb: envelop completely
Verb: surround so as to force to give up
Verb: surround with a wall in order to fortify
Adjective: closely encircling

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Verb, Adjective

Examples(例文)

Verb: The forest surrounds my property
Verb: smother the meat in gravy
Verb: The Turks besieged Vienna
Adjective: encompassing mountain ranges
Adjective: the surrounding countryside

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): beleaguer, besiege, border, circumferent, circumvent, encompassing, environ, fence, fence in, hem in, palisade, ring, skirt, smother, surround, surrounding, wall

Antonyms(反意語):

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): attack, cover, protect, touch

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): aluminize, attach, bank, bark, bedaub, besiege, bind, blacklead, blanket, blindfold, blinker, blitz, board up, body guard, bombard, border, bread, brush, butter, cannonade, canopy, canvas, carpet, charm, clapboard, cling, cloak, coat, coif, concrete, counterattack, cover, cover for, cowl, crape, crown, daub, defend, drape, dust, envelop, face, feather, felt, flake, flash, foil, frost, gas, grass, gravel, grease, guard, hold, hood, hug, immunize, insure, invade, jacket, keep, lag, laminate, lean on, lime, line, look out, mask, mothproof, mound over, mulch, oil, overprotect, paint, pall, paper, parcel, paste, pepper, plank, plaster, put on, raid, recover, roof, rub, safeguard, sheathe, sheet, shield, smother, sod, spray, spread, spritz, steel, storm, strafe, straw, strike, submarine, surround, tile, torpedo, turf, veneer, wall, wallpaper, wash, wax, whiteout, wrap

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語): blockade, circumvallate, cloister, ebb, enclose, fringe, girdle, hem in, stockade

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: besieger, border, circumference, fence, palisade, surround, surroundings, wall

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: general

Usage Category: common

Usage Context: descriptive

Grammatical Notes:
transitive verb

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞):

Suffixes(接尾辞): ing

Exam Level

英検準1級

TOEIC700

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書):

Movies(映画):

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) No

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) No

Emotion Categories: