citation

/saɪˈteɪʃən/

意味: 引用、表彰、違反切符

例文: Haruki got a citation for “excessive humming.”
　　  ハルキが「過度の鼻歌」で違反切符を切られた。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: citation needed (引用が必要), legal citation (法的引用), citation index (引用索引)

定義: 他の人の言葉や文章を引用すること、またはその引用された部分。学術的な文書や法律文書でよく使われます。

citationは約200,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

口語性、形式性、抽象度、感情度 - 横向き棒グラフ

水平グラフ: 会話での使われやすさ、フォーマル度、抽象度（具体・概念）、感情度を示します。数値が高いほど、その特徴が強いことを表します。

感情分析 レーダーチャート

感情グラフ: 怒り、期待、嫌悪、恐れ、喜び、悲しみ、驚き、信頼、ポジティブ、ネガティブの強さを示します。

Definitions(定義)

Noun: an official award (as for bravery or service) usually given as formal public statement
Noun: (law) the act of citing (as of spoken words or written passages or legal precedents etc.)
Noun: a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage
Noun: a passage or expression that is quoted or cited
Noun: a summons that commands the appearance of a party at a proceeding
Noun: thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1948

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Noun

Examples(例文)

The professor emphasized the importance of proper citation in academic writing.(教授は学術論文における適切な引用の重要性を強調しました。)
I forgot to add a citation for that quote; oops!(その引用のための引用を追加するのを忘れました；うっかり！)
Noun: the student’s essay failed to list several important citations
Noun: the acknowledgments are usually printed at the front of a book
Noun: the article includes mention of similar clinical cases

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): Citation, acknowledgment, citation, cite, commendation, credit, mention, quotation, quote, reference

Antonyms(反意語):

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): award, excerpt, note, speech act, summons

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): academic degree, academy award, address, affirmation, agreement, aliyah, analects, boast, cachet, challenge, chrestomathy, citation, clipping, command, congratulation, cut, decoration, denial, denunciation, description, disagreement, disclosure, emmy, explanation, footnote, informing, letter, mention, monition, naming, nobel prize, nota bene, objection, offer, pennant, poste restante, postscript, prix de rome, prix goncourt, promise, proposal, quotation, rejection, reply, request, resignation, slander, ticket, trophy

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語): cross-reference, epigraph, mimesis, misquotation, photo credit

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: acknowledge, cite, commend, credit, mention, quote, reference

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: general

Usage Category: formal

Usage Context: general

Grammatical Notes:

countable noun

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞):

Suffixes(接尾辞): ation

Exam Level

英検1級

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書):

Movies(映画): Zootopia

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) Yes

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) No

Emotion Categories: