tense

/tɛns/

意味: 時制、緊張

例文: The room fell into tense silence.
　　  部屋は緊張した静けさに包まれた。

言葉のよくある組み合わせ: past tense(過去形), present tense(現在形), future tense(未来形)

定義: 文法で「時制」を指し、動詞が表す動作や状態の時間を示す。過去、現在、未来の3つの基本的な時制がある。また、緊張した状態や、筋肉が固くなることを指すこともある。

tenseは約100,000語に1回程度の頻出度です。

Definitions(定義)

Noun: a grammatical category of verbs used to express distinctions of time
Verb: become stretched or tense or taut
Verb: increase the tension on
Verb: become tense, nervous, or uneasy
Verb: cause to be tense and uneasy or nervous or anxious
Adjective: in or of a state of physical or nervous tension
Adjective: pronounced with relatively tense tongue muscles (e.g., the vowel sound in `beat’)
Adjective: taut or rigid; stretched tight

Parts of Speech(品詞)

Noun, Verb, Adjective

Examples(例文)

Verb: the bodybuilder’s neck muscles tensed;
Verb: the rope strained when the weight was attached
Verb: alternately relax and tense your calf muscle
Verb: tense the rope manually before tensing the spring
Verb: He tensed up when he saw his opponent enter the room
Verb: he got a phone call from his lawyer that tensed him up
Adjective: tense piano strings

Synonyms/Antonyms(類語/反意語)

Synonyms(類語): strain, tense, tense up

Antonyms(反意語): lax, relax, relaxed, unstrain

Hypernyms/Hyponyms(上位語/下位語)

Hypernyms (General categories)(上位語): affect, change, change state, grammatical category, tighten

Coordinate Terms(同じ上位語をもつもの): accelerate, acerbate, acetylate, achromatize, acidify, activate, adjust, affect, age, alchemize, alcoholize, alkalinize, alkalize, allegorize, alter, americanize, angulate, animize, antiquate, antique, archaize, arterialize, ash, assimilate, attack, automatize, awaken, barb, barbarize, be born, become, bestialize, better, blind, blister, blunt, blur, boil, break, break down, brighten, bring, brutalize, bubble, burn, calcify, calm, camp, capture, carbonize, carnify, case, catalyze, cause to sleep, centralize, change intensity, change taste, charge, chasten, check, chondrify, circularize, citrate, civilize, clarify, classicize, clean, clear, close, clot, cloud, cloud over, coarsen, cohere, coke, color, come to, commercialize, communize, commute, complicate, compress, conceive, concentrate, condense, confuse, constitutionalize, constrict, contaminate, conventionalize, convert, cook, cool, corrupt, counterchange, crack, cramp, cross-fertilize, cry, curdle, customize, damage, darken, de-emphasize, deaden, deaminate, decarboxylate, decelerate, decentralize, decimalize, decorate, decrease, decrepitate, deflate, deform, dehydrogenate, demagnetize, demist, democratize, demonize, demulsify, demythologize, denationalize, denaturalize, denature, denitrify, deodorize, depersonalize, depolarize, desensitize, destabilize, detransitivize, devalue, develop, devilize, die, digitize, dinge, dirty, disable, discolor, disengage, disharmonize, disintegrate, disorder, disqualify, dissimilate, dissolve, diversify, dizzy, domesticate, dope, draw, dress, dry, dull, dynamize, ease up, edit, emaciate, emancipate, embrittle, empty, emulsify, enable, end, equal, equilibrate, eroticize, erupt, esterify, estrange, etherealize, etherify, etiolate, europeanize, evaporate, even, excite, explode, extend, exteriorize, fall, fatten, feminize, fertilize, fill, fix, flatten, flocculate, fluctuate, freeze, frenchify, full, gain, gelatinize, gender, get into, get worse, glamorize, glorify, habituate, harmonize, harshen, heat, homogenize, hue, humanize, humble, hydrogenate, immaterialize, immortalize, inactivate, incandesce, increase, indispose, industrialize, inflate, inform, inseminate, insulate, integrate, intensify, internationalize, intoxicate, introvert, invalidate, invert, iodinate, ionate, ionize, islamize, isomerize, jaundice, laicize, legitimate, lend, liberalize, lifehack, lift, liquefy, loosen, louden, lower, lubricate, magnetize, make, mark, masculinize, mechanize, militarize, mince, mix, morph, muddy, mythologize, nationalize, naturalize, nazify, neutralize, nick, normalize, number, obfuscate, obscure, occidentalize, officialize, opacify, opalize, open, opsonize, orientalize, ossify, outmode, overgrow, oxidize, oxygenize, paganize, pall, parallel, part of speech, patent, person, personalize, piggyback, plasticize, poison, polarize, politicize, port, precipitate, professionalize, proof, prostrate, purify, put, radicalize, rarefy, rationalize, react, recombine, recommend, reconstruct, reduce, refine, reflate, reform, refresh, register, relax, remodel, restore, revolutionize, right, ripen, romanticize, round off, rusticate, sanitize, saponify, saturate, sauce, schematize, scramble, secularize, sedate, semantic role, sensitize, sentimentalize, set, sexualize, shade, shake, shallow, shape, sharpen, shift, shorten, simplify, slenderize, smut, sober, socialize, soften, solemnize, solvate, sorb, sour, spice, spike, sputter, stabilize, stain, steepen, stiffen, still, stimulate, straighten, strain, strengthen, string, substitute, suburbanize, supercharge, supple, suspend, sweeten, switch, symmetrize, synchronize, tame, tauten, tender, tense, territorialize, thicken, thin, think, thrive, thrombose, tighten, tone down, touch, transaminate, transfigure, transform, transitivize, translate, transmute, transpose, turn, turn back, uglify, ulcerate, unclutter, uniformize, unite, unsanctify, unscramble, unsex, untie, untune, urbanize, validate, variegate, vascularize, ventilate, verbify, vesiculate, visualize, vitalize, vitrify, vivify, volatilize, vulgarise, wake up, warm, weaken, weaponize, wet, widen, worsen, zonk out

Hyponyms (Specific examples)(下位語): aorist, future, past, perfective, present, progressive, stretch

Derivationally Related Words(派生語)

Derivationally Related Words: strain, tenseness, tension, tensity, tensor

Categories(カテゴリー)

Domain Categories: general

Usage Category: formal

Usage Context: descriptive

Grammatical Notes:
transitive verb

Prefixes/Suffixes(接頭辞/接尾辞)

Prefixes(接頭辞):

Suffixes(接尾辞):

Exam Level

英検1級

Media Appearance(メディア登場例)

Books(洋書): Atomic Habits

Movies(映画): Big Hero 6, The Bad Guys, Zootopia

Other Information(その他)

Is Abstract?(抽象的な言葉?) Yes

Is Emotion Word?(感情的な言葉?) No

Emotion Categories: